MA. Tran Trung
Samson Ethnic Pre-University, Vietnam
Tel: (+84)373826966 * Mobile: (+84)913373656
E-mail: trungt.dbdhss@moet.edu.vn
The concept of computer, internet, website is coming familiar to everyone. Nowadays, students are getting a great achievement from information technology. Teachers are not the possessor of knowledge, students are having a great treasure knowledge of human.Thus, the most important content of training teenages is forming and developing their information selection and searching skills, avoid lagging behind digital device and can rapidly adaptable with society’s development.
Computer, internet, website have been used in training very popular at almost countries. This not only is an information environment, but also is a great platform of cooperation. Many research works of education, picture library, video clip, content’s problems, teaching methods…have shown on many developed countries’s education website. and will become the realistic base of applying information technology in training at under-developed countries. Nowadays, searching to apply information technology in training in our country, especial use website to support training is determine the way to get the integration in the whole world’s fields.
1. The concept of applying teaching website.
The powerful development of information technology has profound effected to the fields of people’s activities. In particular, many new concepts have appeared and become familiar to everyone. However, up to now these concepts haven’t been defined in an adequate, exactly and scientific way yet. These concepts in many research projects of applying information technology in training or in many information technology’s products for training in our country have been used as a implicity’s name or give concept name based on their characteries that can’t express the concept’s connotation and denotation. This’s very easy to understand, because the development of information technology only has broken-out character and can’t get to the top. Consequently, together with the development of informatics, these concepts will become perfectly and exactly. Moreover, it will exist different concepts if people base on different basis. We give “support teaching website” concept mainly based on teaching function by training technology’s view.
Web page is an information page on Internet. Information concepts have a lively description by texts, drawing, picture, videos, sound… each web page is marked by an address to discriminate to other pages, and help people to update. Website is a group of web pages that have linked to each other from Homepage. On the other word, we call it “start page”. Each website’s list has its own address and this also is the address of the start page.
In order to implement access and linking with other information sources by supertext technique www use URL (uniform resource locator) concept. It’s a kind of names to give name for a document or a service on web. URL structure includes information’s components as: To be used internet’s protocol, server’s position (domain name), specific document on server (path name) and may be have other formatted information.
Web’s activities also base on client/ server’s model. At client station, user will use web browser to send searching HTML file to web browser by using URL address. Web server receives these requires and implements then send back results to web client, web browsers will transfer HTML cards and display document pages that required. At present, there are many web browsers of software companies as: Mosaic of NCSA, Navigator of Netscape, Internet explore of Microsoft, Web Access of Novell…
Be prompted by website concepts, we know that “support training website” is a teaching means (a kind of computer software) that be created by the super texts. It includes a group of convenient tools and super interface (perform multimedia information: texts, sounds, pictures) to support teaching and studying and supply for other people on other computer network.
2. The principle of construct applying teaching website.
Supporting training websites have to be sure about the requirement of supporting training software, that means they must exist two fields: Training and informatics. Many kinds of web page as training, teaching, teaching oneself and consulting are specific websites of teaching that being looked for realiable purpose.
- Training: The training applies on web have linear tendency in design and less get lost on body lines, limit the linking with page divide function”next page” and “previous page” in order to be sure the mainly present couldn’t be changed and allow exactly foresee the access times of users. It asks to have instructions to help learners avoid missing the requirement of the documents, and training supporting programmes may be asked to login in order to control learners.
- Teaching: Effective supporting training usually revolve a report centre, presented information also sophisticated and helpful than support training.
- Teach oneself: The active nonlinear structures are usually attractive to readers because they can’t forsee the most attractive objects. Designing must allow quickly access many kinds of objects that related to documents in site. The table of contents and appendix that have linking in site also are helpful to readers.
- Consulting: The structured website allows readers to look for information easily, print and download what they see and they usually use model nonlinear, small drawing and content, structure of menu must be supported for looking requirement.
- Principles of construct applying teaching website have to be sure appreciable criterions as:
+ Science’s criterion: Express the exactitude of technology content that has in website. Website’s content must satisfy the multiform and abundant (study document and search through document), beside that it must suit student’s training program, knowledge and acceptable ability. The science terminologies, conceptions, definitions have to be exact and consistent with textbook in effect at present. Website’s contents must support teaching purpose which has given.
+ Teaching theory’s criterion: have to implement all the teaching theory functions that website undertake and implement teaching process’s stages: From consolidating beginning level, taking shape new knowledge, practising, systematizing knowledge to test students’ knowledge. They have to have the coordination of theory, reality and teaching methods which have website’s support. The standards of website allow teacher take the initiative about knowledge and class’s structure. The website’s electronic lectures have to ensure learning’s process.
+ Pedagogical’s criterion: have to express teaching organization’s pre-eminent which is better than before. Website’s pre-eminence is different from the other support teaching software is that it can exploit supporting ability, transmiting multiform information, increasing students’ knowledge which they have learned and practicing their ability of taking knowledge in real life, boardening knowledge contents which they have learned and concentrate to their study.
+ Technology’s criterion: Interface has to close, site’s structure must be clear, all the objects need to order coincide with teaching progress, and have got linking systems and clearly instructions. Especiallyl website need to be easy to use, website software must be stable and adaptable with all kinds of computers and control systems.
3. Applying teaching website’s structure.
Establishing Website’s structure also implements function groups which website can support, concurently we must pay attention to teaching document’s formation, development and standalization – a great benefit which only information technology can bring to. This principle shows that website includes three components as:
- Access tool: This is a kind of models allows multiplier data administer entering data storage. Data are collected from many kinds of sources and may be included: Text, picture, sound, video(multimedia data). Access is understood as creat new or correct information.
- Data base: To construct structure for data base fully accurate and opimum, related to informatics’’ technology problem, we have to be sure this multiplier data base’s teaching benefit, and that organization will create a common source for users.
This database can easily turn out common power(not only teacher staff but also for other users), so it more and more develops both in quantity and quality. Data base can be divided into three areas: The first and most important is regulation’s data area(belong to administer’s website organization), it is also called data base area, that is created firstly by the designers (professional staff and scientists). The second is the data area for each teacher (has given user name and password). Finally is the data area for people who pay attention to teaching objects (visistor and pupil’s parents).
- Website’s electronic datas: Web is a commercial program which is made by computer companies or software searching centre. It allows producing electronic documents and showing information. There are many kinds of web browsers, but in Viet Nam, the most popular is internet explorer. The number of website’s electronic documents also shows supporting ability to teaching and learning.
However, depending on condition, expanding ability or applying scale that we can choose different website structures. People still can design site and establish website without data base’s structure. Although this way has improved many people’s structure ability and has helped to create websites without hightly demand but it isn’t the best choice and it doesn’t suit today’s software development because of its rigid.
4. Construct applying teaching website’s process.
To construct website, firstly we have to determine website’s teaching purpose, make plan carefully, sellect the tool which suit for construct website and ensure that website could be succeed.
- Making plan: Determining webpage’s teaching purpose, constructing knowledge teaching process, collecting and analysing information, determining web’s content and scope. To teaching websites, in this stage we have to determine which teaching methods that apply for website, choose the suitable means to automatize teaching process. Problems are: How to make starting axiom and stimulate motivation? Which is the most important knowledge content that we have to pay attention to when we want to build new knowledge content? How to pratise and consolidate? How to test and appreciate?
- Designing a website’s structure: website’s structure is the link of all the webpages; the ways to organize website’s methods and website’s content that are suitable to methods. It is the best way to help users easily use website and also have to choose the most important language of program to use.
- Constructing website: This stage need to use constructing website’s tools, beginning with creating individual webpages, implementing website’s strategy and applying stategy for all the sites. Power tools help easy to control the site’s structure, it helps creating hyperlink easier. Beside that using multimedia ability (sound, picture, video…) is quite important.
- Collecting the tool: Choosing the tool to design website is very important, it must be : Modern (multimedia includes sounds, pictures, videos which can create expensive software), easy to design (don’t need to be a good informatics learner because it can satisfy popular teachers and students).
- Designing interface: User’s interface includes combining pictures, symbols to transfer objects’’ meaning on the computer background. A good designed interface not only has to make users easily look for information but also express designer’s ideas. Those kinds of interface have to meet the demands: Clearly supporting meaning, show to users the mainly relation between hyperlink and other documents; clearly symbols, drawing cork will tell the users where they are in website. The button is usually used to control help users to access website’s other contents. Direct accessment and less direction seem better for users. So that, it asks to build an information device system to help users through menu pages especially to websites which used in large field, connected by modem. The webpage’s capacity is also a problem which spends users’ time. However for a school, capacity is not a problem, so that it should be used more mutimedia. In order to make interface close with users, the interface’s imitation in webpage must be simple. We have to be sure the website structure’s perfect and stable and to be sure the connection through access processing. Beside that, it must help the blind easy to use. Sounds and pictures should help them to orient. Sellecting the popular sofware also needs to pay attention to.
- Designing websites: Designing websites determine the perfect of the site’s information. A psychologist said that, in a short time a person can only remember about four to seven information stages. Short information stages help users easily to remember and use. Information’s organized steps include: deviding contents into sensible components, designing components a level system, using that system to construct relation between components. Based on information to design site, it also asks to pay attention to system’s function. To establish site, the most important step is to organize information. It is useful to design site and it is the factor to decide the success of site. A good list will become an useful tool and will create a general look of displayed informative organization. We can use basic informative structures: Ordering structure, net structure, level structure and internet structure to design site.
- The experiment, accessment and appliance of website: To have an experiment of website for special objects and collect investigative figures, we can draw accessment, experience and correct website and have appliance.
5. The meaning and disadvantages of applying website to teaching methods.
Applying website to teaching methods helps to create a popular, equal environment, promotes teachers and students’s roles and the learners are in the centre, are the active objects and learners can access themselves. Using website, teacher can help and guide learners to seek and collect information, then give them the methods of solving problems, increase time to exchange and discuss in the class between learner and learner, learner and document’s content. It also creates basic changes in the action of teachers and leaners: from noticing and remembering methods to seeking, collecting and cooperating methods without limiting time, increasing learner’s activities. Accessment must be based on regular objects and help learners get more knowledge than they have before. Through teaching process, the teacher can make learners change from language thought into collective thought. The most important meaning of applying website to teaching methods is that it helps to renew the methods and forms of teaching and learning. It allows teaching in regular and learners have more chances to listen to other teachers’ lecture about a common problem. From that learners can find the best way to learn for themselves.
However, using websites depends on users’ ability and knowledge level. Although knowledge field has standard but teaching field is not highly valuable. So, it is not suitable for everyone. Learner using website individualy can make a “skip” among the lectures that only needs to seek for in need and interest information. Website to teaching methods asks to have computer and internet network so it is still quite difficult for teacher to use. Students can’t directly learn from teacher and may be students may lose the way of learning. The connection point is the power of website but it asks users to have enough knowledge to use. In website, testing and accessment often use test method. This kind of accessment also has its advantages and disadvantages of accessment student’s theory ability. Moreover, teachers and students’ information technology ability aren’t equivalent, so it is difficult to popular applying websites to teaching methods.
Apply information technology to teaching methods is getting Government’s interest. We believe that with the development of computer age, in the near future, applying information technology to teaching methods will be realiable. It also is a true attitude and activity for us to accept “electronic teaching age ” that will appear.
References
1. Nguyen Ba Kim & Dao Thai Lai (1998), Computer environment and mathematic education, Science report in national conference on 20th ceremony of education technology, April 2008
2. Le Thuan Vuong (2002), From educational software and the improvement of teaching method to computer-based learning, Report in science workshop “applying IT to the teaching innovation”, Hanoi.
3. http://www.elearningmag.com